Egyptian Staff

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For the coronation of Charles II of England, new sceptres with the Cross and the Dove were made, and though slightly altered, they are still in use today. Two sceptres for the queen consort, one with a cross, and the other with a dove, have been subsequently added. [ citation needed]

A procession of priests carrying a serpent staff in each hand also appears on the western wall in the tomb chamber of the Theban Mayor, Sennefer (Fig. 5, 15th c. BCE). Among the Etruscans, sceptres of great magnificence were used by kings and high priests. Many representations of such sceptres occur on the walls of the painted tombs of Etruria. The British Museum, the Vatican, and the Louvre possess Etruscan sceptres of gold, elaborately and minutely ornamented.a b c d e f Bianchi, Robert Steven (2022). "A Bronze Reliquary for an Ichneumon Dedicated to the Egyptian Goddess Wadjet". Arts. 11 (1): 21. doi: 10.3390/arts11010021. ISSN 2076-0752. Main article: Regalia of the Pharaoh Scepters and staves Beaded scepter of Khasekhemwy, c. 2890-2680 BC, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston The first dated appearance of the title "pharaoh" being attached to a ruler's name occurs in Year 17 of Siamun (tenth century BC) on a fragment from the Karnak Priestly Annals, a religious document. Here, an induction of an individual to the Amun priesthood is dated specifically to the reign of "Pharaoh Siamun". [19] This new practice was continued under his successor, Psusennes II, and the subsequent kings of the twenty-second dynasty. For instance, the Large Dakhla stela is specifically dated to Year 5 of king "Pharaoh Shoshenq, beloved of Amun", whom all Egyptologists concur was Shoshenq I—the founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty—including Alan Gardiner in his original 1933 publication of this stela. [20] Shoshenq I was the second successor of Siamun. Meanwhile, the traditional custom of referring to the sovereign as, pr-ˤ3, continued in official Egyptian narratives. [ citation needed]

It is passed down from generation to generation, allowing each pharaoh to be directly linked to Osiris, the first king of Lower and Upper Egypt. It is this "document" that officially makes the pharaoh the god of the Earth. 2) The other symbols of pharaohsFrom the Nineteenth dynasty onward pr-ꜥꜣ on its own, was used as regularly as ḥm, "Majesty". [18] The term, therefore, evolved from a word specifically referring to a building to a respectful designation for the ruler presiding in that building, particularly by the time of the Twenty-Second Dynasty and Twenty-third Dynasty. [ citation needed] Indeed, in his fight against Set for the throne of Egypt, Horus lost an eye. The god Thoth gave to a Horus a new eye which will allow its owner to see the future. In ancient Egypt, the possession of an Udjat Eye amulet was known as providing its holder the protection of the falcon-headed god Horus. With the advent of Christianity, the sceptre was often tipped with a cross instead of with an eagle. However, during the Middle Ages, the finials on the top of the sceptre varied considerably. [ citation needed]

See Scott B. Noegel, “The Egyptian Origin of the Ark of the Covenant,” in Israel’s Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective, pp. 223-242. Strong's Hebrew Concordance - 6547. Paroh". Bible Hub. Archived from the original on 2022-10-18 . Retrieved 2022-10-20. Here again a knowledge of Egyptian priestly praxis is informative. Many iconographic depictions of staffs in the form of serpents exist in Egypt: People Carrying Serpent Staffs As we have seen, the sceptres are not only instruments of power but also symbols that allow the authority of the pharaoh to be asserted. In addition to the pharaonic attributes, the pharaoh is also linked to the symbols from Egyptian mythology. In this section, we will highlight the most important symbols coming from legends of Egypt. A) The Udjat eye

The Problem with “Magic”

Barbara Adams, 'Petrie's Manuscript Notes on the Koptos Foundation Deposits of Tuthmosis III' in the Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 61, 1975 Congress says 'Sengol' not power transfer symbol, BJP alleges insult to culture". Hindustan Times . Retrieved 27 May 2023. From a literary perspective, the bloody Nile marks an ironic reversal in which it is the Egyptian priests who experience, rather than execute, the destruction. More practically, from the vantage of Egyptian ritual praxis, the plague put a stop to the priests’ many protection and purification rites by tainting the water they used to perform them as evil and impure. Example 2: Staffs into Serpents Coppens, Flip; Vymazalová, Hana (2010). "Medicine, Mathematics and Magic Unite in a Scene from the Temple of Kom Ombo (Ko 950)". Anthropoligie. 48 (2): 127–132. JSTOR 26292902– via JSTOR. Osiris is shown to wear the Atef crown, which is an elaborate Hedjet with feathers and disks. Depictions of kings wearing the Atef crown originate from the Old Kingdom.

Pope, George Uglow (1886). The Sacred Kurral of Tiruvalluva Nayanar (PDF) (Firsted.). New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. ISBN 8120600223. P. Leiden 344, Recto: ỉw ms ỉtrw m snfw swrỉ tw ỉm=f nyw tw m rmṯ ỉb tw mw… pḏtyw rwt ỉỉt=tỉ n kmt. The word for “foreign tribes” ( pḏtyw, lit. bowmen) often refers to the Semitic peoples of southern Canaan. For an English translation, see Nili Shupak, “The Admonitions of an Egyptian Sage: The Admonitions of Ipuwer,” in William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger, Jr., eds., The Context of Scripture: Canonical Compositions, Monumental Inscriptions and Archival Documents from the Biblical World. Vol. 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2003), pp. 93-98. Narmer wearing the red crown Deshret A guardian statue wearing the red crown which reflected the facial features of the reigning king, probably Amenemhat II or Senwosret II, and which functioned as a divine guardian for the imiut. Made of cedar wood and plaster c. 1919–1885 BC [29]

In the early dynasties, ancient Egyptian kings had as many as three titles: the Horus, the Sedge and Bee ( nswt-bjtj), and the Two Ladies or Nebty ( nbtj) name. [6] The Golden Horus and the nomen and prenomen titles were added later. [7] The aforementioned stories in P. Westcar demonstrate this well. Written during the Middle Kingdom, they report fictitious events that took place during the reign of a pharaoh who ruled more than 500 years earlier. Thus, the text legitimizes the ritual professionals of the Middle Kingdom by lending them a distinguished and long-lived pedigree steeped in rituals of extraordinary performative power. Strikingly, this is precisely what occurs after Aaron’s contest involving the serpents. Not only do the ḥarṭummīm abet the Israelite cause by conjuring more bloody water and more frogs, the Egyptian people give the Israelites gifts of silver and gold, and of clothing before they depart (Exod 12:35-36). In essence, the Egyptians have become allies who assist Moses in his mission. The Finger of God: The Finger of Thoth or Seth I begin with the first plague—the turning of the Nile to blood—a wonder that the ḥarṭummīm easily replicate. [11] The event has three analogues in Egyptian texts. From around the 4th dynasty onward, Wadjet was claimed as the patron goddess and protector of the whole of Lower Egypt and became associated with Nekhbet, depicted as a white vulture, who held unified Egypt. After the unification the image of Nekhbet joined Wadjet on the crown, thereafter shown as part of the uraeus. The religious epithet for these patron deities of the entire county was, "nebty (' Two Ladies')". [8]